What is Linux?
You can hardly pick up a magazine these days without seeing Linux
mentioned. What is Linux?
Strictly speaking, Linux is the
kernel of an
operating system, but the
name has come to mean much more.
You will often see the name Linux used for the kernel,
for the whole operating system, for all the programs that run on it,
and even for the community of people using it. In this general sense,
Linux may be defined as a superior replacement
for Microsoft Windows(tm).
To many of us who use Linux, its most important difference from most
other operating systems is that Linux is far more reliable. Although
some people would tell you that it is normal to need to restart a
computer frequently, for a Linux system to crash is a major
embarrassment: experts leap to discover and correct the cause.
Linux systems routinely run for months or years without so much
as a hiccup.
Perhaps the most intriguing difference between Linux and other
systems is how it came to be. Linux is
Free Software, an outgrowth
of a movement spearheaded in the early 1980's by the Free Software
Foundation and its GNU Project. This movement passed a milestone in
1998 when software professionals collectively acknowledged that Free
Software development practices usually result in better software
than traditional methods.
Despite these differences, Linux looks much like other modern systems,
albeit more interesting: its openness and flexibility promote
customization.
Next: Is Linux Right for Me?
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